PSG has now claimed the prestigious cup on fourteen separate occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the final moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to seal a convincing shootout win.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.